基于landsat8的贵州省2015年农业干旱监测研究

在全球气候变暖背景下,干旱普遍发生,而农业干旱对国民经济发展的影响尤为明显,同时农业干旱还威胁着国家的粮食安全和生态安全。基于贵州省2015年不同季节的landsat8 OIL遥感数据,利用影像数据所获取的植被覆盖指数和地表温度数据,拟合植被指数(NDVI)和地表温度(LST)的特征空间,设计得到贵州省2015年春、夏、秋、冬四个不同季节的不同的土壤湿度,将TVDI作为监测农业干旱状况的指标,得到贵州省2015年的农业干旱时空分布图。结果表明,土壤含水率的高低与植被覆盖和地表温度有关,且TVDI更适宜中等植被覆盖的土壤湿度反演。贵州省2015年全年旱情较缓,各地区均不存在春旱或伏旱,只有冬季绝大部分地区土壤含水率较低,更有力地促进了农业干旱的发生。因此,对农业干旱的监测研究为贵州省农业干旱的监测管理提供有力依据,为今后减少农业干旱的影响和进一步促进农业社会经济可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。     

宜昌市乡村景观遗产可持续发展模式研究

通过分析宜昌市乡村旅游概况,剖析同质化与适宜性、不均衡与剥离性、区域协同性与再认识3个方面的问题,提出建立景观适宜性评价体系、加大基础服务设施、保护与发展相协调的可持续发展策略。     

打底杈和施用沼液肥对辣椒生长发育及产量的影响

以羊角椒‘卡宴’为试材,以追施复合肥为对照(CK),设追施复合肥+叶喷沼液肥(T1)、根施沼渣肥+叶喷沼液肥(T2)两个处理,各处理植株分别设打底杈和对照两个整枝处理,测定和分析了不同施肥处理和整枝方式对辣椒的农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明：打底杈处理的植株在株高、开展度、分枝数等农艺性状显著优于没有打底衩处理。打底杈的T1处理沼液叶面肥与化肥配合施用对辣椒株高、开展度等农艺性状指标最为明显,T2处理沼液叶面肥与沼渣肥配合施用在果实横纵经、单果重等果实品质上显著优于CK对照处理。打底杈处理的植株平均产量增加99.68kg/667m²,平均增产34.53%。说明对辣椒进行打底衩处理可以提高辣椒的农艺性状、果实品质以及产量。     

科研院所制度建设与思考 ——以中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所为例

制度建设是科研院所提升科技创新能力、推进成果转化应用、开展科技服务的重要保障.文章重点介绍了中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所制度建设的经验和做法,并结合科研院所实际,从制度建设的方法、程序、执行等方面提出了加强科研院所制度建设的建议.     

乡村振兴战略背景下岭南荔枝文化产业的创新性发展路径选择探究

本文基于乡村振兴战略背景下，探究岭南荔枝文化产业如何在现有的条件下抓住机遇实现 创新性发展。在整合现有创新性经验的基础上，进一步推进岭南荔枝文化产业的创新性路径探索，思 考岭南荔枝文化产业创新性发展过程中遇到的问题，处理好不同文化之间的关系，旨在为岭南荔枝文 化产业的转型发展寻找一条创新性道路。     

毕节市油茶产业发展现状及对策

油茶作为世界四大木本食用油料植物之一，在林业产业和山区经济发展中占有十分重要的 地位。近年来，毕节将油茶产业作为助推脱贫攻坚的重要支柱产业之一，大力发展。文章介绍了毕节 市近年推进油茶产业的一些主要做法，并指出了当前发展油茶产业存在的一些问题，针对问题，提供 了现阶段的一些对策，以期为促进全市油茶产业发展，助推脱贫攻坚提供一定的理论依据。     

适应农业产业发展产教融合课堂教学改革研究

本文对适应农业区域产业发展产教融合课堂教学改革进行了一定的研究，希望可以为“产教 结合、校企一体”的发展之路提供一定的参考价值。     

Shading effects on canopy and tillering characteristics of continuously stocked palisadegrass in a silvopastoral system in the Amazon biome

In silvopastoral (SP) systems, forage responses depend on the microenvironment in which the plants develop. Our objective was to evaluate canopy and tillering characteristics of shaded 'Marandu' palisadegrass [Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst A Rich) Stapf, syn. Urochloa brizantha] under continuous stocking in a SP system. Treatments were one full sun (FS) and three shaded systems (silvopasture, SP) corresponding to distances from tree groves: 7.5 m north (SP1), and 15 m (SP2) and 7.5 m south (SP3) studied during two rainy seasons (Year 1 and Year 2). The tree in the SP system was Eucalyptus urograndis (hybrid of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden × Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake). The photosynthetic active radiation was greater in FS (923 μmol m^-2 s^-1), followed by SP2 (811 μmol m^-2 s^-1), SP1 (727 μmol m^-2 s^-1) and SP3 (673 μmol m^-2 s^-1). Forage accumulation in FS was 15% greater than the mean of SP1, SP2 and SP3 (10,663 kg DM/ha). There was no difference in net accumulation of leaf, stem and dead material, averaging 3,302, 3,420 and 4,063 kg DM/ha respectively. Leaf accumulation and accumulation rate were greater in Year 2, and leaf accumulation rate was similar among treatments (19 kg DM ha⁻¹ day⁻¹). Leaf proportion increased 14% from Year 1 to Year 2. Specific leaf area was greater for treatments SP1 and SP3 (193 cm²/g). Tiller population density was similar across treatments in Year 1. Shaded palisadegrass maintains leaf productivity similar to FS under continuous stocking in an SP system.     

Using vibrational molecular spectroscopy to detect moist heating induced carbohydrates structure changes in cool-climate adapted barley grain

There is limited research to study how moist heating affects internal structure of barley grain on a molecular basis. The objectives of this study were to use vibrational molecular spectroscopy: 1) to determine the moist heating induced changes of barley carbohydrate (CHO) structure on a molecular basis, 2) to study the effects of moist heating on CHO chemical profiles, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) subfractions, in situ rumen degradation, and predicted intestinal carbohydrate supply of barley grain; and 3) to reveal the association between molecular structure spectral features and CHO related metabolic characteristics. Barley samples (CDC cowboy) were collected from Kernen Crop Research Farm (Saskatoon, Canada) during two consecutive years. Half of each sample was kept as raw barley and the other half underwent moist heating (autoclaving at 120 °C for 60 min). The molecular spectroscopy (attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared, ATR-FTIR) was used to detect the barley CHO related molecular structure spectral features. Moist heating did not affect carbohydrate related chemical profiles and CNCPS subfractions but it decreased rumen degradable carbohydrate. Rumen undegradable and intestinal digestion of CHO subfractions were not affected by moist heating. The advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopy can be used to detect carbohydrate molecular spectral features. Nutrient utilization prediction using molecular spectral characteristics is warranted and further investigation is encouraged.     

芒果核仁油理化特性及其开发利用研究进展

芒果核仁是芒果加工的副产物,其中脂肪含量达9.0%~13.1%（干基）,从中提取的核仁油是一种优质油脂,具有较高的营养价值及开发利用前景。本文主要从芒果核仁油理化性质、脂质组成及开发利用等方面总结归纳近年来的科学研究进展,并与可可脂、类可可脂的甘油三酯组分进行对比分析,明确了芒果核仁油研究中存在的问题,并给出合理建议。